What methods can be applied to verify PCB functionality and safety? Which are suitable for mass production and for prototypes? What parameters are checked in each test? How to check a PCB without ...

The printed circuit board assembly process has undergone revolutionary changes over the past three decades. What once relied primarily on manual component insertion and wave soldering has transformed ...

As test targets shrink, the benefits of socketless probing technology grow. As technology advances, more and more electronic components that do bigger and better things are hitting the market. At the ...

In-circuit test (ICT) systems have been the leaders in using electrical means to look for structural defects in PCBs. They employ bed-of-nails fixtures to provide electrical access to as many as 7000 ...

Various techniques—ranging from x-ray and optical inspection through functional electrical test—have emerged to shorten time to market and reduce test costs while maintaining thorough fault coverage.

When the first computer bug was discovered in 1947, it was quite literally a moth that had become trapped inside a system at Harvard University that was disrupting the electronics. At that time, the ...

As electronic products move from prototyping to mass production, manufacturers must rely on efficient, scalable, and ...