…which would take a pulse-width-modulated waveform at any frequency, and produce a signal with exactly the same mark/space ratio, but at a nominated frequency (see ‘Why might this be useful?’ below).

A phase-locked loop (PLL) is a feedback system that combines a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) and a phase detector in such a way that the oscillator signal tracks an applied frequency or ...

One of the most challenging tasks in analog circuit design is to adapt a functional block to ever new CMOS process technology. For digital circuits the number of gates per square mm approx. doubles ...

A general-purpose vector signal analyzer offers a low-cost, flexible option for measuring the frequency settling time of PLLs. By Douglas Olney, Keithley Instruments Inc. The frequency-settling time ...

Configuring a phase locked loop (PLL) for a given frequency synthesis application can simultaneously be both a quick-and easy-process as well as a time-consuming, tedious, and iterative process. This ...

Few topics in electrical engineering have demanded as much attention over the years as the phase-locked loop (PLL). The PLL is arguably one of the most important building blocks necessary for modern ...

In this paper an All Digital phase locked loop is proposed. This PLL can accomplish faster phase lock. Additionally, the functions of frequency comparator and phase detector have been improved and are ...

I have had an on-going mission to design a universal-ish pcb that will convert a PWM waveform at one frequency into to another frequency while retaining the mark-space ratio. The obvious answer is a ...