Polyvinyl chloride pipes have become the backbone of modern plumbing, drainage, and irrigation systems worldwide. Understanding the intricate manufacturing process behind these ubiquitous construction ...

Valve-free pipes inspired by shark intestines have been developed by scientists. Using a helix structure, these pipes enable one-way fluid flow without relying on traditional valves. Rigid and ...

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is hailed as a wonder material, and, in many ways, it is. However, the possibilities are not endless. PVC has its limits, especially in HVAC applications. PVC sometimes makes ...

Buried pipe systems are critical infrastructural components where the interaction between soil and structure plays a defining role in performance and longevity. This interaction encompasses a range of ...